Assignment 2: Global Warming: Cause and Mitigation

Assignment 2: Global Warming: Cause and Mitigation
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NAME
Professor Olivia Uitto
SCI110 – Introduction to Physical Science
August 26, 2015
 
Global warming is thephraseused to refer to a steadyincrease in theaveragetemperature of the Earth, a change that is understood to be permanentlychangingour Earth’s climate.   Numerousstudieshaveidentifiedthatnaturaland anthropogenic processesinfluencechanges in the global climate.   In Earth’s history, before the Industrial Revolution around 1760, the Earth’s climatechanged due to naturalcauses not related to humanactivity.   Naturalclimateeventsincludesolar variability due to sunspot andothersolarcycles, long-term changes in solar orbital parameters, andintermittent volcanic eruptions.   Mostoften, the global climatechangedbecause of variations in sunlight.   Changes in the Sun have alternately increasedanddecreasedtheamount of solarenergyreaching our Earth.   Also, volcanic activity has increasedgreenhousegases over millions of years, contributing to incidents of global warming.  

On theotherhand, anthropogenic climatechangerefers to theproduction of greenhousegasesemitted by humanactivity.   Anthropogenic influencesincludeemissions from sulfate aerosols andhumanlandcoverchange, as well as stratospheric ozone depletion, black andorganiccarbon aerosols andjet contrails.   The global scientificcommunity, represented by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), has identifiedthathumanactivitiesare responsiblefortheclimatechangeswe are currently experiencing.   Since the Industrial Revolution, anthropogenic climatechangecarbon dioxideemissionshavecome from coalandpetroleumfossilfuelburningand deforestation andagriculturallandusechanges.   Theconversion of forest to pasture is an important source of greenhousegasemission, notably carbon dioxide to theatmosphere.   Furthermore, theenergysector, including transport,...