Ap Us History Chapter 20 Outline

I. The Menace of Secession
- March 4, 1861, Abraham Lincoln was inaugurated president,   he stated that there would be no conflict unless the South provoked it.
- He marked restoration of the union as his top goal, and offered doubts about it splitting.
- He stated that geographically, the United States could not be split.
- A split U.S. also pleased the European countries, since the U.S. was the only major display of democracy in the Western Hemisphere, and with a split U.S., the Monroe Doctrine could be undermined as well if the new C.S.A. allowed Europe to gain a foothold with it.

II. South Carolina Assails Fort Sumter
- Most of the forts in the South had relinquished their power to the Confederacy, but Fort Sumter was among the two that didn’t.
- Lincoln chose to send supplies to the fort, and he told the South Carolinian governor that the ship to the fort only held provisions, not reinforcements.
- To the South, provisions were reinforcements, and on April 12, 1861, cannons were fired onto the fort; after 34 hours of non-lethal firing, the fort surrendered.
- Northerners were inflamed by the South’s actions, and Lincoln now called on 75,000 volunteers.
- Lincoln also called a naval blockade on the South.
- The Deep South   felt that Lincoln was now waging an aggressive war, and was joined by four more Southern states: Virginia, Arkansas, Tennessee, and North Carolina.
- The capital of the Confederacy was moved from Montgomery to Richmond.

III. Brother’s Blood and Border Blood
- The remaining Border States (Missouri, Kentucky, Maryland) were crucial for both sides.
- They’re called “border states” because:
○ they are on the North-South border and…
○ they are slave-states. They might secede.
- To retain them, Lincoln used moral persuasion…and methods of dubious legality:
○ In Maryland, he declared martial law in order to retain a state that would isolate Washington D.C. within Confederate territory if it went to the...