The Two Types of Nucleic Acids

Structure
The two types of nucleic acids, the ribonucleic acid (RNA) and the deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) have different structures and those difference in structures is one of the thing that make the difference between the two nucleic acids and it is also the difference types of structures that the deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (DNA) have that makes them behave as they do.
DNA structure
The DNA has three main structures, the primary stricture, the secondary structure and the tertiary structure.
  1. DNA primary structure
The building blocks of the DNA are what make the primary structure of DNA. The DNA has for building blocks, the nucleosides deoxyadenosine, deoxyguanosine,deoxycytidine, and deoxythymidine. Each nucleoside has two components the deoxyribo sugar and a base. The sugar in nucleoside is the same in all the nucleosides but the base is different. There are two groups of bases: the two bicyclic purines which contain adenine and guanine, and the smaller pyrimidine which contains cythosine and thymine.  

                                                Fig. DNA building blocks-nucleosides

                                                    Fig. nucleoside four bases

                                            Fig. nucleosides linked through phosphate group

The building blocks of nucleosides are linked together through phosphate groups which connect the 5’ hydroxyl group of one nucleoside unit to the 3’ nucleoside of the next nucleoside. DNA is a simple molecule with only four building block;as a result, it was thought that DNA had a minor role to play in the biochemistry of the cell and it was hard to explain how a simple molecule can contain the genetic materials. Watson and crick solved this problem by determining the second structure of the DNA.
  2. Secondary structure of DNA
The secondary structure of the DNA consists of two DNA chains arranged together in a double helix of constant diameter. The double helix...