Solid State

SOLID STATE
 
 
Key Terms students should be familiar with, in this chapter:
 
Crystalline | Amorphous | Space Lattice |
Unit Cell | Simple Cube | Face Centered Cube fcc |
Body Centered Cube bcc | Rock salt | Caesium chloride type |
Zinc Blende | Fluorite | Antifluorite |
Tetrahedral Void | Octahedral Void | Hexagonalclosepacking hcp |
Cubic close packing ccp | Coordination number | Radius ratio |
Ionic radii | Ortho silicates | Pyro silicates |
Cyclic or ring silicates | Sheet silicates | 3D Silicates |
Point defects | Schotky defect | Frenkel defect |
F-Centres | Dislocation | Conductors |
Insulators | Semiconductors | Diamagnetic |
Paramagnetic | Ferromagnetic | Spinels |
Dielectric | Piezo electricity | Pyro electricity |
Ferro electricity | Antiferro electricity | Super conductivity |
12-16 Compounds | 13-15 Compounds | Amphiboles |
Pyroxenes | Radius ratio effect | N-Type of conductors |
P-Type of conductors | Semiconductors | Photovoltaics - Transducers |
 
Classification of Solids:
 
Ionic | Molecular | Covalent | Metallic |
Positive and Negative ions | Molecules | Atoms | Positive metal kernels and free electrons |
Strong Electrostatic forces of attraction | Van der Waals forces | Covalent bonds | Cohesive forces are electrostatic attraction or Metallic bonds |
KCl, NaNO3, CaF2 | Dry ice CO2, CH4, Sugar, Sulphur | Diamond, Silicon Carbide, graphite | Gold, Silver, Copper etc. |
High m.p, b.p  | Low m.p, b.p | High m.p | High m.p, b.p |
 
 
CLASSIFICATION OF SOLIDS:
 
Molecular Solids:  The forces of attraction holding the molecules are Van der Waals forces. Examples of molecular Crystals are Ice, Solid Carbon dioxide, Sulphur, CH4 , Wax.
 
Ionic Solids:  The forces of attraction holding the ions together  is electrostatic in nature. Examples are NaCl, BaCl2 , CsCl, NaNO3 etc.
 
Covalent Solids: The binding forces are Covalent Bonds eg. Diamond, Silicon Carbide, Quartz.
 
Metallic Solids: The...