Chromosome Mutations

Chromosome Mutations
There are two major kinds of chromosome mutations. Firstly, there is a change in a number of copies of chromosomes, and secondly an alteration of chromosome structure. They way these chromosomes are altered can really affect someone’s way of life. There are three types of chromosome mutations: Down syndrome, Klinefelter’s syndrome and Turner’s syndrome.
An affect of chromosome mutations is called Down syndrome. Down syndrome (also known as Trisomy 21) is a condition in which an extra traditional material causes delay in the process of a child’s development. Down syndrome affects 1 in every 800 babies. A normal baby would receive 23 chromosomes from each parent giving the child a total of 46 chromosomes. In most cases of Down syndrome, a child gets an extra chromosome 21- for a total of 47 chromosomes instead of 46. This extra chromosome causes the physical features and development delays of Down syndrome. Although no one knows for sure why DS occurs and there's no way to prevent the chromosomal error that causes it, scientists do know that women age 35 and older have a significantly higher risk of having a child with the condition.
Klinefelter’s syndrome, also known as XXY condition, is another type of chromosome mutation. Klinefelter’s syndrome is when a male receives an extra X chromosome in most of their cells. Instead of having the usual XY chromosome pattern, they would have the XXY pattern. Klinefelter’s syndrome is named after Dr. Henry Klinefelter’s because he is the first to describe the symptoms of a group of men with the extra X chromosome. The XXY condition can affect three main areas of development: physical, language, and social. As many boys hit puberty their physical feature would lead to be taller, a less muscular body, less facial and body hair, and broader hips than other boys.

During their teen years the child will tend to have lower energy levels, larger breasts, and weaker bones. By the time they reach adulthood...