Global Economics Crisis

Global economic crisis due to the depletion of fossil fuels had turned backed the world towards alternate source of energy for industrial development. Non-renewable and clean energy had gained importance for a sustainable growth. Hydrogen is one between the lightest, easily combustible gas that can be used as eco-friendly source of energy. Hydrogen burns out to produce water as a by-product. Hydrogen has been produced by various methods which include chemical reaction, electrolysis, light fermentation and dark fermentation. Chemical method involves the production of gases at lab scale using Kipp’s apparatus that consists of three bulbs stacked .Acids reacts with the metals on the middle bulb, generating gas. Thus the gas stops the further reaction by increasing the pressure in the lower bulb [1]. Though the above mentioned method might be simple has certain other limitation towards to large-scale production economically. In electrolysis electrodes were operated at low voltage under high temperature and pressure for splitting up the water molecules into hydrogen and oxygen atoms [2].The efficiency of electrolysis depends on the void fraction between the electrodes at a particular voltage drop value and current density [3]. Optimising the conditions and developing new electrodes for efficient water splitting had made the process complicated for commercialisation. Dark fermentation is a favoured route for Hydrogen production among the different methods due to its high reaction rates and ease of finding mixed anaerobic communities. The combined effect of pH and inhibitors has increased the yield of hydrogen to 3.38 ± 0.22 mole/mole of glucose [4]. Though the dark fermentation has been a simpler process for hydrogen production, the production of secondary metabolites such as the volatile fatty acids and alcohols had been a hindrance towards achieving the maximum theoretical yield of 4 moles of hydrogen per mole of glucose. Homoacetogenic fermentation has also been an...