Fuel Cell

GM’s Fuel Cell Program – the Future of Automobility
Fuel Cell Commercialization Asia Pacific General Motors Asia Pacific (Japan) Ltd.

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Current Transportation Outlook and Challenges

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Vehicle Park versus GDP
900 800 EU-States
USA Australia Italy Germany France Belgium Netherlands

Vehicles per 1,000 citizens

700 600
Malta New Zealand Spain Portugal Cyprus Greece South Korea Taiwan Israel

Canada Austria UK Sweden Denmark Ireland Switzerland Japan Norway

500 400 300 200 100 0 0 India China 5,000
Estonia Lithuania Poland Slovakia Latvia Hungary

Slovenia Czech Rep.

Finland

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

30,000

Gross domestic product (GDP) per capita in

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World Population and Vehicle Park
16 14
Vehicle owner ship: 17.6%

1,600 1,400

World population / billions

10 8 6 4 2 0 1980 1990 2000
8.2% 10.5% 11.9%

12.7%

1,000 800 600 400 200 0

2010

2020

2030

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Vehicle park / millions

12

15.0%

1,200

Oil – Produced and Reserves
North America Latin America West Europe and Africa Middle East East Europe Far East and Pacific

Produced Reserves
Source: Comité professionel du pétrole

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Hydrogen and Fuel Cells – Toward a Sustainable Future

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GM Fuel and Powertrain Strategy
Improved vehicle fuel economy and emissions Reduced petroleum consumption
Hydrogen Fuel Cell

Hybrid Electric vehicles Internal Combustion Engine and Transmission Improvements

Near-Term Fuel infrastructure

Mid-Term

Long-Term

Petroleum (conventional and alternative sources) Biofuels Hydrogen

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Why Hydrogen and Fuel Cells?
Energy security, independence Diversity of feedstocks Geopolitical stability

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Hydrogen – an Energy Carrier that offers Tremendous Feedstock Diversity

Conversion Processes
Crude Oil NG Coal Nuclear Biomass Solar Hydro Wind Geothermal

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Why Hydrogen and Fuel Cells?
Energy security, independence Diversity of feedstocks Geopolitical stability...