Dolly the Cloned Sheep

Christopher Patterson
Ms.Miller
Science / period 6
4/26/10
Research paper
How dolly the sheep was cloned
Most people have always wondered how dolly the cloned sheep came to be.   There were scientific break throughout the whole process, such as the two step process called nuclear transfer and the man who made this process was Gurdon.   This got a lot of people going on the nuclear transfer there for spread throughout the country having tons of scientists trying it
          First he decided to use delicate needles and a good microscope to suck out the nucleus from an animal oocyte, producing an "enucleated oocyte". (That's an oocyte without a nucleus.)   Now with the genetic material that has removed the enucleated oocyte would not divide, even when fertilized.   Now that he did that it was pointless because a cell is nothing without a nucleus.
          But the results from Gurdon's second step stunned a lot of people. He used the same equipment and strategy to transfer the nucleus from an animals gut cell into an enucleated oocyte.   And that’s how nuclear transfer began, the transfer of a nucleus from one cell to another, creating a "new cell".   They divided and divided and divided just like a normal developing embryo, producing a ball of cells. Nerve cells, skin cells, blood cells appeared just as they regularly should in a normal embryo.
But there were two problems with this whole process.   First, Gurdon's nuclear transferred animals never grew into grown adults.   Nuclear transfer couldn't clone animals to animals; all you got was the first stage of life. No one knew why, even today, no one knows why the animals made by nuclear transfer didn’t die instead of growing into adults.
          The second problem was that Gurdon's method seemed to work only with certain animals.   When scientists tried nuclear transfer with mice, cattle or indeed any mammal, they got nowhere. The "new cells" sometimes divided a few times, but not for very long and none...