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Structure and Function of Macromolecules
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  STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF MACROMOLECULES(UNIT-II CHAPTER-II) |
    1. Why DNA has evolved as the hereditary material (for transfer from parent to offspring) and not RNA?
DNA is a double stranded structure and has got the capacity to replicate or duplicate and to repair. On the other hand the RNA is a single stranded structure and has no capacity for duplication and repair; DNA is a stable, long lasting material which divide along with the division of the cell due to its specific characters while most of the RNA types are short living and are unable to divide along with the division of the cells.   2. What is a glycosidic bond?
It is a type of bond between the monomers of polysaccharides or disaccharides. It is formed by the elimination of water between the -OH group of an anomeric carbon atom of the sugar and the –OH group on carbon 4 or 6 of another sugar residue   3. What is glycogen? Which are the repeating units of glycogen; explain the type of linkage in it.
Glycogen is the storage form of carbohydrates in animals and is stored in liver and muscles .In animals excess glucose is converted into glycogen with the help of hormone called insulin. The repeating units of glycogen are glucose residues; they are linked together by both ?1,4 and ?1,6 glycosidic bonds .Glycogen also has the structure as that of amylopectin except that the rate of branching is more than that of the amylopectin.Branching occurs at every 8th to 10th  glucose residue by ?1,6 links.   4. Which are the two types of glycosidic linkages depending on the types of anomers? Give example for each. 
?-glycosidic linkage and ?-glycosidic...