Behavioursit Approach

Psychology
1a) Outline two assumptions’ of the behaviourist approach.
Classical conditioning: - learned by association. An environmental stimulus becomes associated with a behavioural response. E.g. Pavlov’s dog
Operant conditioning:-we learn by reinforcement.
๏positive reinforcement: - rewarding someone for their good behaviour so they repeat it again
๏negative reinforcement: - when something unpleasant is avoided

b) Describe the social learning theory
Behaviourist believe that all behaviours can be learnt and unlearnt .people learn through seeing the consequences of other people ‘s   behaviour ( vicarious reinforcement) . Also learn via observational learning where people copy and imitate role models.
In bandura’s experiment one group of children observed model being aggressive towards the doll and the others didn’t. When they got the chance to play with the doll the group who observed aggressive behaviour towards the doll were aggressive than the other group who observe aggression. This shows that we learn via observational learning.
In another bandur’s experiment 1st group children observed model being rewarded for being aggressive towards the doll .2nd group of children observed model being punished for being aggressive towards the doll and 3rd group of children observed model with no subsequent consequences for their aggressive behaviour.
Bandura found that those who had seen the model rewarded showed high levels of aggressive act .those who saw model being punished showed low level of aggression and those who saw no reward or punishment were somewhere in between the two levels of aggression .this shows that we learn via vicarious learning .
2) How the behaviourist approach has been applied in the aversion therapy.
Behaviourist suggests that all behaviours can be learnt and unlearnt such as addiction behaviour. Aversion therapy is linked to classical conditioning .this is where an environmental stimulus is associated with behavioural...