Magnetohydrodynamic System

Contents
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.

8. 9. 10. 11.

Introduction Need of MHDs Principle Of MHD Power Generation Types of MHD SYSTEM Open Cycle MHD System Closed Cycle MHD System Diffrence between Open Cycle and Closed Cycle MHD System Advantages OF MHD System Disadvantages of MHD System Applications Conclusion

Introduction

Concept given by Michael Faraday in 1832 for the first time.

 MHD System widely used in advanced

countries.
 Under construction in INDIA.

Need of MHDs
At present a plenty of energy is needed to sustain industrial and agricultural production, and the existing conventional energy sources like coal, oil, uranium etc are not adequate to meet the ever increasing energy demands. Consequently, efforts have been made for harnessing energy from several nonconventional energy sources like Magneto Hydro Dynamics(MHD) System.

Principle Of MHD Power Generation
Faraday’s law of electromagnetic induction : When an electric conductor moves across a magnetic field, an emf is induced in it, which produces an electric current .

Lorentz Force
F = q(v × B)

on the charged particle (vector),

where,  v = velocity of the particle (vector)  q= charge of the particle (scalar)  B = magnetic field (vector)

Comparison between a Turbo generator and a MHD generator

Types of MHD SYSTEM

OPEN CYCLE MHD SYSTEM

HYBRID MHD STEAM PART OPEN CYCLE

CLOSED CYCLE MHD SYSTEM

DIFFERENCE BETWEEN OPEN CYCLE AND CLOSED CYCLE SYSTEM
Open Cycle System
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Closed Cycle System
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Working fluid after generating electrical energy is discharged to the atmosphere through a stack . Operation of MHD generator is done directly on combustion products . Temperature requirement : 2300˚C to 2700˚C. More developed.

Working fluid is recycled to the heat sources and thus is used again. Helium or argon(with cesium seeding) is used as the working fluid. Temperature requirement : about 530˚C. Less developed.

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