Reproductive Health

REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM

CONTRACEPTIVE:
DEFINITION:
The drugs which are used to inhibit the onset of pregnancy are known as contraceptive.

TYPES:
CONTRACEPTIVE






                      Oral                                 Intra-Muscular           Sub-Dermal Implantation





Progestin Preparation                         Combine Preparation (estrogen and progestin)





                                                        Monophasic             Biphasic                   Triphasic

MONOPHASIC: These are preparation in which both estrogen and progestin dose remain same for the whole cycle (drug is administered for 21 days in most of the preparation and for 7 days blank drug is administered). There are some new drugs that can be administered for 90 days without any gap. In these preparation the dose of estrogen and progestin remain same for e.g. if 0.05mg of estrogen and 1mg of progestin were given at the start of the cycle it will remain same till the end. E.g. Brevicon (Ethinyl Estradiol i.e. estrogen 0.035mg and Norethindrone i.e. progestin 1mg), Aviane (Ethinyl Estradiol 0.02mg and L-Norgestrel 0.1mg) and Levora (Ethinyl Estradiol 0.03mg and L-Norgestrel i.e. 0.15mg)
BIPHASIC: In these drugs dose of progestin is increased after 1/3 time period of cycle i.e. dose will increase from 8th day of administration, while the dose of estrogen remains same through out the cycle. E.g. ortho-novum 10/11, necon 10/11 (Day 1-10 Ethinyl Estradiol 0.035mg and Norethindrone 0.5mg and from day 11-21 Ethinyl Estradiol 0.035mg and Norethindrone 1mg)
TRIPHASIC: In these preparations dose of progestin is increased more as compare to biphasic. In some combinations dose of estrogen content is also increased E.g. Enpresse, Triphasil and Tri-Levlen (Day 1-6 Ethinyl Estradiol 0.03mg from day 7-11 0.04mg and from day 12-21 0.03mg and Day 1-6 L-Norgestrel 0.05mg from day 7-11 0.075mg and from day 12-21 0.125mg).

The selection of drug depends upon many factors such as age, disease state...