WORKING PRINCIPLES OF COMPUTER - ESSAY

* WORKING PRINCIPLES OF COMPUTER

In reality a computer is an electronic calculating, storage and display device that can only calculate answers or store information using 1's and 0's (Ones and Zeroes) and no other numbers! That is the reason behind the RAM-sizes, 1024, 2048 etc... But computer system designers are quite clever at concealing that fact, giving todays computers almost a 'real, lifelike' feeling.

  * INPUT   AND OUTPUT   DEVICES

The devices which are used to input the data and the programs in the computer are known as “Input Devices’. or Input device can read data and convert them to a form that a computer can use. Output Device can produce the final product of machine processing into a form usable by humans. It provides man to machine communication. Some of the I/O devices are explained below:
(1) Keyboard : Keyboard is used in the input phase of a computer-based information system. Keyboard is most common input device is used today. The data and instructions are input by typing on the keyboard. The message typed on the keyboard reaches the memory unit of a computer. It’s connected to a computer via a cable. Apart from alphabet and numeral keys, it has other function keys for performing different functions.
(2) Mouse : It’s a pointing device. The mouse is rolled over the mouse pad, which in turn controls the movement of the cursor in the screen. We can click, double click or drag the mouse. Most of the mouse’s have a ball beneath them, which rotates when the mouse in moved. The ball has 2 wheels of the sides, which in turn mousse with the movement of the ball. The sensor notifies the speed of its movements to the computer, which in turn moves the cursor/pointer on the screen.
(3) Scanner : Scanners are used to enter information directly in to the computers memory. This device works like a Xerox machine. The scanner converts any type of printed or written information including photographs into digital pulses, which can be manipulated by the...