SUBMITTED TO, SUBMITTED BY,
DR. KALIKA KUHAR MEGHAVI DABAS
LECT. RDT 1208927
DEPT. BIOTECHNOLOGY 5th semester /3rd yr
BIOTECHNOLOGY
INTRODUCTION
* DNA FINGERPRINTING method of identification that compares fragments of DNA. Sometimes called DNA TYPING.DNA is the genetic material found within the cell nuclei of all living things .In mammals the strands of DNA are grouped into structures called CHROMOSOMES. With the exception of identical twins , the complete DNA of each individual is unique.
* A DNA FINGERPRINTING is constructed by first extracting a DNA sample from body tissue or fluids such as hair, blood , saliva. The sample is then segmented using enzymes,& the segments are arranged by size using a process called electrophoresis. The segments are marked with probes & exposed on a x-ray film ,where they form a characteristic pattern of black bars of the DNA FINGERPRINT. If the DNA FINGERPRINT produced from two different samples match , the two samples probably came from the same person.
* DNA FINGERPRINTING was first developed as an identification technique in 1985.Originally used to detect the presence of genetic diseases , DNA fingerprinting soon came to be used in criminal investigations and forensic science.The first criminal conviction based on DNA evidence in the United States occurred in 1988.The criminal investigation ,DNA fingerprints derived from evidence collected at the crime scene are compared to the DNA fingerprints of suspects . The DNA evidence can implicate or exonerate a suspect.
* In the United States ,the FBI has created a national...
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