Different Approach to Off-Line Handwritten Automatic Signature Recognition and Verification

Different Approach to Off-line Handwritten Automatic Signature Recognition and Verification Abstract 1. Introduction Biometrics is methods for physiological characteristics such as face, iris and finger print or behavioral traits such as signature and voice for identify verification of individual. Biometrics is used in password-security systems which are impossible to copy, steal, or guess biometric properties. Signature is a behavioral biometric not a physiological biometric. The signature is an authorization taken by someone. Every person's signature is unique. Automatic signature verification is divided into two categories off-line and on-line signature verification. The main difference between of on-line and off-line lies in how data are obtained. The on-line systems depend on signature is written on a special digitizer tablet and other devices. The off-line systems depend on the scanned image of a signature (i.e person sign using pen on paper) by a scanner or camera and useful for automate verification of signatures on bank checks and documents. (5) (6) (7) (10) (11) The off-line has many difficulties such as variation within genuine signature, scanning device can add some noise, or the width of pen and less discriminative information because the signature is input to the system as image. So the off-line systems are more difficult than on-line systems because it is missing some dynamic information such as duration, number of strokes and direction of writing. The genuine signatures for same person may little vary and differences between a forgery and genuine signature may be undetectable. The off-line signature system are very challenging problem. The off-line signature is easier to forge while the on-line signatures are more unique and difficult to forge. The on-line systems have extra information such as shape information, dynamic features like speed, pressure and capture time of each point on the signature route. The on-line signature verification is more...