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Rabbit Anatomy
Rabbits are such endearing animals. Those big eyes, huge ears, wiggly nose, those strong back legs and that unusual tail. Let's learn what makes the rabbit the creature that it is.
Rabbits are unique creatures, members of the group of animals known as lagomorphs. They are not members of the rodent family, as is often thought. The scientific name of the domestic rabbit is Oryctolagus cuniculus.
The nose of the rabbit is relatively small, but the sense of smell is quite good. Because they are animals subject to predation, their senses are well-developed. So, in addition to an excellent sense of smell, they also have well-developed eyesight. Since their eyes are positioned more laterally than most other mammals, this provides them with a panoramic field of vision (approximately 190 degrees) in order for them to better view predators. They have a light sensitivity that is eight times greater than that of humans. Rabbits possess a double retinal system of rods and cones in the eye. Interestingly, their eyes readily detect motion and apparently are sensitive to the blues and greens present at twilight (when they are often out feeding). While they can see well to the sides, they are unable to view the small area below the mouth, so they rely on the sensitive lips and whiskers to aid them in finding food.
Rabbits possess a third eyelid, called the nictitating membrane that moves across the cornea (surface of the eye) and offers protection and lubrication.
The most common problems associated with the eyes and nose are infections caused by the bacterium, Pasteurella multocida. This bacterium can be responsible for a myriad of problems in the rabbit, and in the eyes, it can manifest as conjunctivitis and a greenish discharge from the eyes. Pasteurellosis can also cause a nasal discharge, usually a greenish color, as well. Other bacteria can cause eye and upper respiratory infections as well. The cornea can also become ulcerated from trauma, abrasions and...